constanius

Great to hear you are involved in such important work. I am sure you will find this page very interesting LINK as it sets the scene for the phenomenon of Home Children.

Fegan's homes estimate that 85% of the children remained in Canada and became citizens. The remaining 15% either returned to England or entered the US. Times were different then, all children on farms were expected to work on the farm (hence the very long school summer holidays). These children were in effect fostered by the familes, attended school & church and also paid a small wage, if they had remained in England they would have lived on the street. The homes like Barnado's and Fegan's provided food, shelter and schooling but to be able to continue to admit children needed a revolving door policy. That is, 'in the frontdoor' keep warm and feed and schooled but then sent abroad to make room for the next child to enter the homes in England or 'out the backdoor' The children were not all orphans, many were placed in homes by widows or widowers who would could no longer support them. Remember people had large families, but people died young, naturally or in war or from disease and there was no social system in place or insurance etc to take care of their dependents. Even children in stable homes started work at 14 years old or younger, often girls in service for little more than their keep, or boys apprenticed on the same terms ie wages were miniscule until they finished the indentured period. If you google 'home children' there is a lot of info on the Net. As you say "Wow, how times have changed" thankfully we live now not then!

J.W.C.FEGAN FOUNDER (James William Condell) Rev: ROLL OF HONOUR MR FEGAN'S HOMES 1920 1924 FRED HOCQUARD. Bronze 54mm. Fred Hocquard was a Home Child. That is, one of the Home Children (orphans, waifs and strays) sent from England to Canada, Australia etc to work on farms or if a girl to help in the house. Fred went to Canada as can be seen in the following record. HOCQUARD Given Name: Frederick John Age: 14 Sex: M Ship: Grampian Year of Arrival: 1920 Departure Port: London Departure Date: 04 May 1920 Arrival Port: Quebec Arrival Date: 15 May 1920 Party: J.W.C. Fegan Home Destination: 295 St. George Street, Toronto Source: Library and Archives Canada/Bibliothèque et Archives Canada. Fegan Homes encouraged the children to pay back the cost of the fare, and the clothes etc supplied to them when they left England, from their wages in Canada. This money was then sent back to England to cover the cost of sending more children. Apparently a plaque was kept in the receiving home in Toronto showing the names of children who had paid back their fare etc and this was called a Roll of Honour. So this medal might have been issued to Fred for that reason.

From 1879 "PROCEEDINGS OF THE GRAND CHAPTER ROYAL ARCH" NO. 77, OCCIDENT, TORONTO. In January last I installed the Principals and Officers of Occident. The chapter has always been well worked and prosperous. Much of the success of this chapter is due to the untiring energy of R. E. Comp. James Wilson, P.G.S. through whose efforts the present fine Chapel Hall on Queen St. West was secured.

Hi Ian, wish I was able to read & understand french better. Could a possible explaination for the Chancellory being used, & not the Conseil du Roi, be the power struggle behind the scenes between the Queen Mother & the Kings brother trying to destroy Richelieu in 1630. I don't know if that makes sense at all. Also I believe that I read somewhere that the King was unwell and it was Richelieu that ordered the invasion of Savoy in 1630. I almost forgot, what a great collection you have!!!

DE LA SOCIÉTÉ 'ARCHÉOLOGIE LORRAINE ET DU MUSEE HISTORIQUE LORRAIN. VINGT-HUITIÈME ANNEE. — 1879. Cette riposte est trop claire pour que nous ayons à nous y arrêter; mais on voit par nos jetons de 1631 et 1632, à la légende FVGAT OPORTVNE, dont le sens sarcastique est également facile à saisir du moment où ces pièces sont rapportées aux défaites que 'l'intervention de la France venait de faire éprouver au duc de Savoie et à ses alliés, que le vieil OPl'ORTVNE de Charles-Emmanuel et la manière piquante dont Henri IV y avait répondu en 1601, étaient encore connus des beaux-esprits chargés de fournir des devises pour les jetons des administrations royales. Le jeton qui porte la date de 1631 est le seul que nous croyions officiel (The counter which carries date from 1631 is the only as we believe is official: my translation!). Frappé pour l'époque du 1 janvier, il se rapporte, suivant l'usage, aux événements de l'année précédente, année dans le cours de laquelle Charles-Emmanuel était mort, « de douleur, dit le président Hénault, du voir par sa fausse politique son pays également ouvert aux Français et à ses alliés ». This article shows that the 1631 jeton was an official one issued for the invasion of Savoy 1630-1631 and they believed that the 1632 jeton was an unofficial jeton just using the design of the 1631 jeton. LINK TO THE ARTICLE The Peace of Cherasco which put an end to the second Monferrato war, drawn up in April 1631 by Emperor Ferdinand III, Louis XIII of France, and Vittorio Amedeo I, Duke of Savoy. So the 1632 jeton was struck after the Peace Treaty.

Love the Anne of Austria 1640 jetons Ian, I assume the two large linked palms with a smaller one between symbolizes the King, Queen & Dauphin.

Just need one more (G.R.) to complete the set of 3 William & Mary Coronation Counters by Lauffer. Medallic Illustrations of the History of Great Britain and Ireland Page 678 57. Coronation. 1689. Nuremberg Counter.19mm brass Busts conjoined, R., of William and Mary, both draped ; he is laureate. Leg. GVLIELMVS . ET . MARIA . REX . ET . REGINA. Rev. Arms of Great Britain within the Garter, crowned. Leg. RECH . PF . COVNTER . LAZ . GOTTL . LAVFER. (Counter of Lazarus Gottlieb Lauffer.) .75. Snelling, Counters, PI. v. fig. 29.

Uhm.... I go with obsessed (case of the pot calling the kettle black I know) I can recommend a good therapist Bill, though therapy has not helped me in the least.

Very nice Ian.

Is this the medal you have? If it is made from silver, 37mm Dia. & weighs 15,47 grams & has NO edge marks it is quite valuable. The value depends on actual condition. But if there is an edge mark, ie argent, bronze and a small symbol, you need to post what the edges marks are. I suspect it probably is a restrike, here is a Link to Edge Marks then it is not worth very much, the amount depending on what edge mark & again condition. The value of a restrike is only $20 to $30 in bronze. The original medal was by Germain Pillon, and the actual silver medal, pictured above in EF condition, sold at auction in 2006 for $423 US.

These were very cheaply made, to be sold to people of modest means. They were not collected by wealthy people, and therefore were often used as coinage, lost etc and not saved in uncirculated condition like the expensive gold, silver and large bronze medals. Which means, though initially vastly more common than the expensive medals, because of attrition & wear they are extremely difficult to find in this condition. Being so very thin, with shallow detail, the slightest wear has a profound effect on them. So I was very lucky to find this nice example. Medallic Illustrations of the History of Great Britain and Ireland Page 679 56. CORONATION. 1689. NUREMBERG COUNTER. Busts conjoined, r., of William and Mary, both draped ; he is laureate. Leg. GVLIELMVS . ET . MARIA . REX . ET . REGINA. Below, LGL. R. (L. G. Lauffer's counter.) Rev. Arms of Great Britain within the Garter, crown, crest, and supporters ; below, rose, thistle, and scroll inscribed, DIEV . E . M . DROIT : above, W R, crowned. 1. Rev. Num. Belge, 1878, PI. vi. 19. MB. AE. M. Hohn, AE. This counter was struck at Nuremberg, and commemorates the coronation of William and Mary. Two pairs of dies were made for striking these pieces, the other having on the reverse G R, crowned, instead of W R crowned.

TUTA ET SINE SORDE literally means PROTECTION AND WITHOUT VILENESS or in plain english HONOURABLE PROTECTION

Scottish Charles II (1649-1685) Scottish copper Turner or Bodle (twopence) 1663 issue. 19mm. From the: HANDBOOK OF THE COINS OF GREAT BRITAIN. Page 206 Copper 207, Turner Ist issue Obv. CAR.D.G.SCOT.ANG.FRA.ET.HIB.R;m.m. cross of five pellets. Crown above C.R.; on r., mark of value II (=2d). Rev.NEMO.ME.IMPVNE.LACESSET.thistle with leaves, not crowned AE.8 wt 40.8 The II may be for the current value of the coin or may be for "secundus" To give some idea of 'value' a quart of the best ale or beer by measure sealed cost 1d in 1625. So for that turner/bodle or half groat you could have had about 4 pints of beer in 1663. The latin NEMO.ME.IMPVNE.LACESSET stands for 'Dunna mess wit me or y'll git a Glasgy kiss', or in english 'No one shall hurt me with impunity'

Fantastic write up Bill. I concur with Elder's sentiments: 'He goes on to recommend considering the neglected field of tokens and medals and US colonials'

All nice examples. Note also the use of ' forgive us our trespasses' versus 'forgive us our debts'. I believe one version uses 'sins'. Though I was brought up using 'trespasses', in this day and age I would prefer to have my 'debts' forgiven.

All nice examples of 'wordy medals' Thanks Guys. I would a medal like your one Frank!!!

This is rather strange. "Recd. The Royal Assent June. 7 2nd William IV.1832" The Royal assent was granted on June 7 1832, but why is '2nd' inserted between the date & 'William IV' It surely cannot be for seconded! Can it? Your link worked at this moment in time elverno, have you seen this posting of mine LINK of a medal of the Milan Cathedral. I think I need your help, had no replies yet. There is a Napoleonic connection, the cathedral had needed finishing, but money restraints had prevented this. Napoleon with his usual bold stroke made the church sell off its land holdings to pay for the cathedral to be finished.

You need to drink a glass of wine or better still 2 glasses. At the very least have a cuppa Earl Grey tea! Mem. = Member Bor. = Borough Ea. = Each P.AN = Per Annum Gatton Sarum was a Rotten Borough. Hope that helps.

Passage of the Reform Bill 1832. Earl Grey. WM.51 mm by Halliday. Well here goes: The REFORM BILL Passed The Commons March 23. The Lords June 4. Recd. The Royal Assent June 7 2nd William IV.1832 56 Boroughs Disfranchised 30 Old Bor. To Return 1 Member Ea. 22 New Bor. To Ret. 2 Members. 21 New Bor. 1 Mem. Ea. The Elective Franchise Vested In Freeholders Copyholders Of 10 Pounds P. An. Leaseholders 50 Pounds P. An. Householders 10 Pounds P. An. Rt. HONble. EARL GREY. Rev: BRITANNIA SUPPORTED BY JUSTICE DRIVES CORRUPTION FROM THE CONSTITUTION King Lords Commons in Triangle. Gatton Sarum on scroll under Britannia's Foot. MDCCCXXXII Halliday. F. Please let me know if I am intruding in your coin forum, or if you like British medals posted here as well.

Passage of the Reform Bill 1832. Earl Grey. WM.51 mm by Halliday. Well here goes: The REFORM BILL Passed The Commons March 23. The Lords June 4. Recd. The Royal Assent June 7 2nd William IV.1832 56 Boroughs Disfranchised 30 Old Bor. To Return 1 Member Ea. 22 New Bor. To Ret. 2 Mem. Ea. 21 New Bor. 1 Mem. Ea. The Elective Franchise Vested In Freeholders Copyholders Of 10 Pounds P. An. Leaseholders 50 Pounds P. An. Householders 10 Pounds P. An. Rt. HONble. EARL GREY. Rev: BRITANNIA SUPPORTED BY JUSTICE DRIVES CORRUPTION FROM THE CONSTITUTION King Lords Commons in Triangle. Gatton Sarum on scroll under Britannia's Foot. MDCCCXXXII Halliday. F.

Later Medal This is an early medal, the design was changed to 'improve ' Watts appearance later by making him look younger. Taken from a marble bust by William Wyon of James Watt Silver medal, approx 45mm across 48 grams, plain edge, no edge mark, nice old original toning with some blue tints, for the Royal Cornwall Polytechnic Society. Engraved by by William Wyon. In 1832 the Fox family, a prominent Quaker business family of Falmouth, founded the Cornwall Polytechnic Society, to promote the ideas and inventions of the workers in their Perran Foundry. Medal depicts James Watt (19 January 1736 – 25 August 1819), a Scottish inventor and mechanical engineer whose improvements to the steam engine were fundamental to the changes brought by the Industrial Revolution. This was the first use of Polytechnic in England. In 1835 King William IV bestowed Royal Patronage on the Society, at the request of Davies Gilbert and it changed its name from the Cornwall Polytechnic Society to the Royal Cornwall Polytechnic Society. Therefore this medal is post 1835 (dated 1833 for the foundation of the society)

I was too polite to mention that, as I did not want to cause any embarrassment to anyone. Sorry, I noticed that you don't mention poppies...........!

From the Roman Goddess Ceres by Barbette Stanley Spaeth. ' Vergil calls the flower "the poppy of Ceres" cereale papaver. The poppies on the Ara Pacis relief are those of the opium poppy, papaver somniferum........... The opium that the plant produces connects it with sleep and death, and hence refers to her (Ceres) liminal aspect

Rereading the article it does say "figure" not head but it could still have been Ceres and her head from that medal that was the pattern for the iconic concorde head. Perhaps some one will have the design that won in 1840 or if a medal was actually produced. For such an iconic symbol of republican Franch there is not much info available on its origins (perhaps the info has been deliberately supressed, if it was designed pre-revolution?). I also notice that in descriptions of the head, all mention of the opium poppies is missing.