
Alfons Mucha(1860-1939) was perhaps one of the greatest artists of the late 19th century "Art Nouveau" movement. His usage of colourful floral imagery with lovely young ladies became the rage of Paris in the 1890's. The early 20th century saw his travels to America and then his return to Moravia in what was then the Austro-Hungarian empire in the early 1910's. By this time new projects dominated his time, and political interests, namely the epoch of the Slavic people became his focus. His style of artistry evolved into something more neo-classicist by this time also.
The independence of the Czechoslovakian nation in 1918 necessitated a whole new series of banknotes for the new state, and he undertook the design of many of the new banknotes, namely the 5, 10, 20, 100 and 500 Korun notes. The design of the 1919 is essentially the same with some slight modifications for the 1927 issue shown above.
A unique aspect of the note is that the young girl shown on the reverse is a known person, and a young lady featured prominently in several of Mucha's later works - his daughter Jaroslava Mucha.

Here Jaroslava is shown with her younger brother, Jiri in a 1919 oil by Mucha.
And here in a painting from ca. 1931:

Alfons Mucha had hoped that his son Jiri would follow in his stead and take up art, however it was his daughter, Jaroslava that followed her father in the realm of art. She cataloged many of his works, restored others and accomplished her own works. Jiri would become a writer, and did in fact biograph his father.