QUOTE(San_Miguel98 @ Jul 16 2005, 09:34 PM)
hmmm....both of those sites left out out [Alhazan]
I have that note!
The new Iraq 10000 Dinar honoring "Alhazan" (Abu Ali Hasan Ibn al-Haitham) is not in these archives that tend to be from 1999 and forward.
His contribution to mathematics and physics was extensive. In mathematics, he developed analytical geometry by establishing linkage between algebra and geometry. He studied the mechanics of motion of a body and was the first to maintain that a body moves perpetually unless an external force stops it or changes its direction of motion. This would seem equivalent to the first law of motion.
(http://www.famousmuslims.com ... click on Scientists then on Great Optician: ABU ALI HASAN IBN AL-HAITHAM)
Alhazen, also known as Abu Ali Hasan Ibn al-Haitham (present-day Iraq), used spherical and parabolic mirrors to study spherical aberration and gives the first accurate account of vision--that the eyes receive light, rather than transmit it. Alhazen also investigated magnification resulting from atmospheric refraction and writes about the anatomy of the human eye and describes how the lens forms an image on the retina in his famous major optical work "Opticae Thesaurus" (Opticae thesaurus Alhazeni libri vii), the first real contribution to the the science of optics in the first millennium. He used the camera obscura effect in the study of eclipses, and notes that images appear clearer when the pinhole size is reduced.
(http://microscopy.fsu.edu/optics/timeline/pre1000.html)
ALHAZEN (IBN AL HAITAM) - (965 - 1039)
Abu Ali Mohamed ibn al-Hasan Ign al-Haytham (also: ibn al-Haitam) was an Arabian scientist and scholar, also known as 'Alhazan'. He was one of the earliest, to write and describe optical theory. He studied light, the nature of vision, the eye, and solar and lunar eclipses. His early experiments led to a forerunner of the [CAMERA OBSCURA] which he used to prove that light travels in straight lines. He also studied reflection and refraction, and published a book on optics in 1038. Alhazan's work became an historical reference work in the evolution of optics.
His treatise on optics was translated into Latin by Witelo (1270) and afterwards published by F. Rismer in 1572 with the title "Opticae Thesauris Alhazeni Libri VII cum ejusdem libro de crepusculis et nubium ascensionibus" Other manuscripts are preserved in the Bodleian Library at Oxford and in the Library of Leiden.
http://www.mts.net/~william5/history/hol.htm