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Born in 1881, Mustafa Kemal Atatürk emerged as a military hero at the Dardanelles in 1915 and became a charismatic leader of the Turkish national liberation struggle in 1919. He led his nation to full independence from the ashes of the Ottoman Dynasty and created the Republic of Turkey in 1923. As President for 15 years, until his death in 1938, Mustafa Atatürk introduced a broad range of swift and sweeping reforms - in the political, social, legal, economic, and cultural spheres.
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