QUOTE(BKB @ Jan 24 2007, 07:14 PM) [snapback]297633[/snapback]
I think it happens when the coin is struck outside of the collar. I do not believe I have seen a coin struck in a collar with such a crack. Collar does not allow metal to expand without control, which is what creates such defects. Can somebody please show a photo of a coin struck in a collar with such a crack?
While more common in coins struck w/o a collar, it can and does happen regardless of collar. At one time I owned a very neat 1853 US large cent that was virtually split in two. There are also significant number of later US coins on cracked planchets including a couple spectacular Morgan Dollars - just seach some of the error sites.
Cause of cracking is inadequately annealed planchets and/or internal defects such as inclusions, laminations, poor alloying, etc.